Let’s Compare the Sony Mirrorless Cameras Line-up: Full Frame Edition
Sony released its first full frame camera in 2008. It was called the A900, a DSLR using the Minolta A-mount. In 2012, they released the A99, a full frame camera with a translucent mirror (DSLT). Then in 2013, the first two full frame mirrorless cameras arrived: the A7 and the A7R.
Since then, Sony has cast the A-mount system aside and worked on growing its mirrorless E-mount system instead, which has made Sony one of the most successful full frame camera manufacturers today.
In this article, I’ve listed the 15 full frame mirrorless cameras produced by Sony so far (as per the publishing date). I explain the main differences, talk about their strengths and weaknesses, and give you some advice on whether it’s worth buying one, or not.
I hope you’ll find this guide useful, and don’t hesitate to let me know which model you’d go for, or which one you already own!
Note: the prices mentioned throughout the article are for the body only and are as of the publishing date, or the latest update marked at the top. Second-hand prices are an estimate and can vary depending on the condition, seller and country.
Ethics statement: this article is based on my personal experience with Sony full frame mirrorless cameras. We were not asked to write anything about these products, nor were we provided any compensation of any kind. Within the article, there are affiliate links. If you decide to buy something after clicking the link, we will receive a small commission. To know more about our ethics, you can visit our full disclosure page. Thank you!
Table of Contents
1. Useful information
2. The flagship: Sony A1
3. Fast performance: Sony A9 series
4. R for Resolution: Sony A7R series
5. S for Sensitivity: Sony A7S series
6. The all-rounder: Sony A7 series
7. Compact size: Sony A7C
8. More resources on Mirrorless Comparison
Sony Alpha Comparison: Useful information
Let’s warm up by looking at the main characteristics of the Sony full frame E-mount system, and covering some basic explanations of a few technical terms. This is especially useful for those of you who are unfamiliar with Sony cameras.
Naming
The cameras are commonly called A7, A9 and so on, but the A actually refers to the alpha symbol (α) and that’s what you’ll see engraved on the camera body: α7, α9, α1 etc.
The alternative name is ILCE-7, ILCE-9 or ILCE-1, where ILCE means Interchangeable Lens Camera E-mount.
E-mount / mirrorless
The E-mount is a lens mount designed for mirrorless cameras, or in other words, cameras that lack the flipping mirror and optical viewfinder found in DSLRs. As a result, the mount has a shorter optical flange distance (from the back of the lens to the sensor) and allows the company to design smaller bodies. The E-mount was launched in 2010 with the Nex 3 (APS-C camera).
E-mount must not be confused with A-mount, which is the lens mount designed by Minolta and inherited by Sony, used for DSLR and DSLT cameras.
Full frame
Full frame refers to the 35mm format with a size of 36x24mm (the same as 35mm film). It is smaller than medium format, but bigger than APS-C and micro four thirds.
Sensor technology
Throughout this article, you’ll see two main terms related to the sensor:
BSI (back-illuminated) is a sensor designed to gather light more efficiently by moving the photodiodes (semiconductors that convert light into electricity) closer to the micro-lenses on the surface, whereas a traditional front-side illuminated sensor has metal wiring between the micro lenses and the photodiodes. A BSI sensor provides better low light performance among other things.
A stacked sensor is a sensor where each layer (pixel area, signal processing circuit) is fabricated independently and stacked together. This gives engineers more flexibility, allowing them to design more complex structures as well. For example, Sony’s stacked sensors include an integral memory to increase the processing speed. Stacked sensors have the advantage of offering faster readout speeds, which can translate into faster continuous shooting speeds among other things.
1) Pixel area – 2) Integral memory – 3) Hi-speed signal processing circuit – 4) Image processing engine
Mechanical vs Electronic shutter
With the mechanical shutter, there are two curtains that move up and down to cover, uncover and then cover the sensor again when you take a photograph.
With the electronic shutter, the horizontal lines of pixels are powered one after the other from top to bottom (think of a scanner, but much faster). There are no mechanical elements involved.
With the right amount of power, the electronic shutter allows you to use faster shutter speeds and faster drive speeds than the mechanical shutter. It also enables the possibility of continuous live view with no blackouts in the viewfinder or LCD screen.
Machine learning Autofocus
In the last couple of years, Sony, as well as other brands, has started to integrate machine learning technology (used a lot on smartphones) into the software of its cameras, especially concerning autofocus.
Eye AF for animals in action
In simple terms, Sony has “trained” the cameras to understand what humans and animals look like, with a large database of images where the subjects are in all sorts of position and situations. As a result, the AF system has learned how to detect a human being or an animal faster and more accurately, even if it is distant, turns around or is partially hidden.
Pixel-Shift Multi Shooting
The A1 and some A7R models with sensor stabilisation can capture a series of images in a row, and move the sensor slightly in between shots. You can then composite the files in post to produce a final photo with more resolution than the native megapixel count of the sensor, and with better colour resolution too, because each point in the image is captured by at least one red, green and blue pixel.
Video recording
Oversampling means the camera reads more pixels than necessary and downscales the resolution to create the file (for example using the equivalent of 7K to create 4K video). This method delivers the best quality possible.
Line-skipping, as opposed to oversampling, means the camera literally skips rows of pixels while creating the video image, which can result in a loss of sharpness, as well as more artefacts such as aliasing.
10-bit 4:2:2 refers to the colour depth (10-bit) and colour sampling (4:2:2). In short, it means the camera records double the colour information and 64 times more colour depth than 8-bit 4:2:0, which is what is found in most mirrorless cameras.
The flagship: Sony A1
Release date:
March, 2021 On sale
($6500 / £6500 / €7300)
The A1 blends the best Sony has to offer into one body when it comes to performance (it’s the fastest E-mount camera ever) and high resolution (50MP sensor).
It offers the quickest and most advanced autofocus of any Alpha camera, and is the first product in the full frame line-up to record 8K video. Flash sync speed has been improved when using the mechanical or electronic shutter, and you also get state-of-the-art tech for the viewfinder and memory cards.
The A1 is the most expensive Alpha camera you can find on the market, but offers technology you won’t find in any other E-mount model (or most other mirrorless cameras for that matter).
A1, 1/2500s, f/6.3, ISO 8000 – FE 200-600mm G
Sony A1 highlights:
50MP Stacked BSI Sensor
ISO 100-32,000 (50-102,400 extended)
AF/AE calculations up to 120 times/s
Machine learning AF tracking and Eye AF for humans, animals and birds (humans only in video mode)
30fps with AF/exposure Tracking
1/400s (full frame) or 1/500s (APS-C) flash sync speed
Phase detection AF can work down to f/22 with high drive speed
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
Pixel-Shift mode with 200MP output
8K video up to 30p with oversampling
10-bit 4:2:2 internal recording
16-bit RAW video via HDMI
9.44M dots Viewfinder (0.9x magnification, 240Hz refresh rate)
Dual SD / CFexpress Type A card slots
Latest body design (improved ergonomics over earlier models)
Should I buy the Sony A1?
If you have the budget, it’s the camera that covers (almost) every need, but I think wildlife photographers in particular can benefit from the combination of super speed and high megapixels.
Any reason I should avoid the A1?
If your main interest is video but you’re not hyped about 8K, the A7S III is a better choice (and will save you money).
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Fast performance: Sony A9 series
A9 release date:
May 2017 Discontinued
($2000 / £2000 / €2500 used)
A9 II release date:
October 2019 On sale
($4500 / £4200 / €4900)
Before the A1 arrived, the A9 mark 1 and mark 2 were the two cameras with the fastest performance. They too feature a stacked sensor, but with 24MP. They use an older image processor, have a slower burst speed and AF calculations, and can’t sync flash as fast as the flagship model.
But don’t discard the A9 just yet. The A1 may be quicker and have more resolution, but the A9 bodies are less expensive and remain way faster than any other Alpha cameras mentioned below.
The original A9 marked an important step in the use of the electronic shutter, unveiling its potential not only for superior continuous shooting speeds, but also for the possibility of recording with continuous live view and no blackouts.
The first A9 is now discontinued but you can find it second-hand. The differences between it and the mark II model are minor, and merely relate to the drive speed with the mechanical shutter (10fps vs 5fps), improved ergonomics and more extra features for professional sports photographers, such as voice memo and faster connectivity.
A9 II, 1/2000, f/6.3, ISO 12800 – FE 200-600mm G
Sony A9 / A9 II highlights:
24MP BSI Stacked Sensor
ISO 100-51,200 (50-204,800 extended)
AF/AE calculations up to 60 times/s
Machine learning tracking and Eye AF for humans and animals (humans only for video)
20fps with AF/Exposure tracking
Phase detection AF can work down to f/16 with high drive speed
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
3.69M dot viewfinder (0.78x magnification, 120Hz refresh rate)
Dual SD UHS-II card slots (UHS-II only in slot nb.1 for the A9 mk1)
latest body design for the A9 II (improved ergonomics over earlier models such as the A9)
Should I buy the Sony A9 or A9 II?
The original A9 can only be found second-hand, but if you get a copy in good condition, it’s worth considering because there aren’t a lot of cameras with such capabilities. The mark II model improvements are, for most people, not worth almost double the price.
Any reason I should avoid the A9 or A9 II?
They can record 4K up to 30p with excellent sharpness, but you can’t take fully advantage of the sensor’s quality because they lack advanced settings such as 10-bit, Log and HLG profiles. If you care about video, there are better options.
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R for Resolution: Sony A7R series
Sony has released four different models with the ‘R’ name, where the letter means ‘resolution’ and implies a sensor with a large megapixel count (from 36MP on the first model to 61MP on the latest). These sensors all come without the low-pass filter to maximise sharpness.
Sony A7R IV / A7R IVA (mark 4)
Release date:
September 2019 On sale
($3500 / £3200 / 3400€)
Currently, the A7R IV is the full frame model with the highest megapixel count in the world (61.0MP). But despite the superb resolution, the camera maintains more or less the same speed and performance as its predecessor, which means that it is more versatile than you think.
Note: the original A7R IV is now discontinued, having been replaced by the A7R IVA. The changes are of little importance. The most noticeable improvement is the higher resolution of the LCD screen (2.36M vs 1.44M dots on the original product). The price remains the same.
Sony A7R IV highlights:
61MP BSI sensor
ISO 100-32,000 (50-102,400 extended)
Machine learning AF tracking and Eye AF for humans and animals (humans only for video)
10fps with AF and Exposure Tracking
Phase detection AF can work down to f/11 with high drive speed
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
Pixel-Shift Multi Shooting (240MP output)
4K recording up to 30p without the 30min/clip limitation
Full HD up to 120p
5.76M dots Viewfinder (0.78x magnification, 120Hz refresh rate)
Dual SD UHS-II card slots
Latest body design (improved ergonomics over earlier models)
A7R IV, 1/80, f/5.6, ISO 100 – Sigma 14-24mm 2.8 DG DN Art
Should I buy the Sony A7R IV?
If you care about megapixels more than anything, this is currently the full frame camera with the highest sensor resolution ever. The fact that it also brings good ergonomics, decent burst speeds, excellent autofocus and capable video makes it one of the finest products listed in this article.
Any reason I should avoid the A7R IV?
If you’re willing to let a few megapixels go, you can spend less and still get excellent image quality with the A7R III (more below). For video, the best quality comes with a 1.5x sensor crop (Super35/APS-C mode), which can be a bummer for some, and there is no 10-bit option.
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Sony A7R III / A7R IIIA (mark 3)
Release date:
October 2017 On sale
($2800 / £2200 / 2300€)
The A7R III brought a more professional body to the Alpha E-mount series, with dual card slots, a larger battery, more resolution for the EVF and faster performance. The sensor remains the same as the acclaimed A7R II, with a few minor tweaks. Sony also managed to make the 4K video quality in full frame mode acceptable, despite the line-skipping process.
Note: the original A7R III has been replaced by the A7R IIIA. Small changes include higher resolution for the LCD screen (2.36M vs 1.44M dots on the original model) and a faster USB C port (10Gbps vs 5Gbps).
Sony A7R III highlights:
42.4MP BSI sensor
ISO 100-32,000 (50-102,400 extended)
Eye AF for humans and animals (photos only)
10fps with AF Tracking
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
Pixel-Shift Multi Shooting (42MP output with better colour resolution)
4K recording up to 30p, Full HD up to 120p
3.69M dots Viewfinder (0.78x magnification, 120Hz refresh rate)
Dual SD card slots (UHS-II on slot 1)
Outdated specs
Phase detection AF can work down to f/8 with high drive speed
30 minute video recording limit / clip
No 10-bit option for video
A7R III, 1/640s, f/11, ISO 1600 – Sigma 70mm F2.8 Macro with MC-11 adapter
Should I buy the Sony A7R III?
When there are deals or cash-back offers, you should find it for a very competitive price and, despite the age, the A7R III houses one of the best full frame sensor on the market. You also get slightly better high ISO and buffer performance in comparison to the A7R IV.
Any reason I should avoid the A7R III?
Nothing that I would deem a deal-breaker, unless we dig into specific needs. For example, the autofocus has its limits when it comes to tracking and, if you’re interested in telephoto lenses and teleconverters, focus is locked on the first frame at apertures smaller than f/8 (when shooting in continuous mode).
For video, the quality in full frame mode is decent, but it is better in APS-C mode (1.5x crop).
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Sony A7R II (mark 2)
Release date:
August 2015 Discontinued
($1000 / £950 / 1100€ used)
The A7R II was a major breakthrough in the E-mount series thanks to its new (at the time) phase detection autofocus that was compatible with DSLR lenses, maintaining decent AF performance and retaining all the automatisms such as optical stabilisation.
This is where the hype for electronic adapters and Canon EF lenses started. While the performance was not always consistent, it certainly helped photographers transition from one system to another, or adopt both. It also helped with the lens selection at a time when Sony FE lenses were few and far between.
Sony A7R II highlights:
42.4MP BSI sensor
ISO 100-25,600 (50-102,400 extended)
Eye AF for humans (photos only)
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
4K recording up to 30p, Full HD up to 60p
Outdated specs
5fps with AF Tracking
Phase detection AF doesn’t work with aperture smaller than f/9
2.26M dots Viewfinder (0.78x magnification, 60Hz refresh rate)
30 minute max. per clip for video, no 10-bit recording
No touch screen
1 SD card slot (UHS-I)
Old battery and short battery life
A7R II, 8s, f/2.8, ISO 1600 – FE 24-70mm F2.8 GM
Should I buy the Sony A7R II?
If all you want is excellent image quality, the A7R mark II is a really good deal today (as long as you’re happy with second-hand gear), because there are few differences in comparison to the A7R III, and these differences are even less important if you shoot RAW (and why wouldn’t you with such a good sensor).
Any reason I should avoid the A7R II?
It’s an old model so as you might expect, you won’t find the best performance Sony has to offer today, nor the features you take for granted, like dual card slots or a touch screen.
But I would say there are two main reasons to avoid it:
– if you do a lot of astro-photography, the A7R II is one of the Sony cameras affected by what is known as the “star eater” problem. It applies strong noise reduction (JPG and RAW) and eliminates the smallest stars in the sky as a result. This problem was resolved with the third generation.
– if you want full frame video, the A7R II works with line-skipping which means aliasing, moiré and a lot of colour noise at high ISO. The quality is much better in APS-C/Super35 mode, but that means a 1.5x sensor crop.
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Sony A7R (mark 1)
Release date:
December 2013 Discontinued
($700 / £700 / 800€ used)
The one that started all (with the A7). At the time, the 36.4MP was impressive for the sharpness rendering, and the internet went mad in its search for the best adapter to use with M-mount lenses and all sorts of manual focus lenses (with a few caveats and limitations).
Sony A7R highlights:
36.4MP sensor
ISO 100-6,400 (50-25,600 extended)
Outdates specs
No electronic / silent shutter
No electronic first curtain shutter
No image stabilisation
4fps (1.5fps with C-AF)
Eye AF (humans) works in S-AF only (no video)
Full HD up to 60p (old AVCHD codec)
2.36M dots Viewfinder (0.71x magnification)
No touch screen
1 SD card slot (UHS-I)
Old battery
A7R, 1/800s, f/1.8, ISO 100 – Batis 85mm F1.8
Should I buy the Sony A7R?
I wouldn’t, unless you can find it for a bargain price and in good condition. It delivers good image quality but there are also limitations to be aware of (see below).
Any reason I should avoid the A7R?
It’s the first generation of Sony’s full frame mirrorless camera. It has a less comfortable design, only works with compressed RAW (a shame considering the good sensor), has poor contrast detection AF and, above all, it has a very annoying shutter shock issue.
Shutter shock means that the movements of the mechanical curtains when taking a photo cause small vibrations that decrease sharpness on the image. Certain shutter speeds are more critical than others, depending on the lens used. It cannot be fixed. You can only learn and avoid the critical shutter speeds as much as possible.
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S for Sensitivity: Sony A7S series
The ’S’ series is all about extra sensitivity, giving you a wider ISO range and better quality in low light. It is also the series that focuses primarily on video. The quality of the sensor and the superb low light capabilities have made the A7S cameras very popular for broadcast productions, especially documentaries.
Sony A7S III (mark 3)
Release date:
October, 2020 On sale
($3500 / £3800 / €4200)
Sony waited four years before updating the S series, but it was worth the wait. It added all the improvements professional video-makers could possibly ask for, including 4K 120p, unlimited recording, improved colour rendering and reliable phase detection autofocus. It’s a completely different beast from its predecessor, and the price has gone up.
Sony A7S III highlights:
12MP BSI Sensor
ISO 80-102,400 (40-409,600 extended)
Machine learning tracking and Eye AF for humans and animals (humans only in video mode)
10fps with AF/Exposure Tracking
Phase detection AF can work down to f/11 with high drive speed
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
4K video up to 120p with oversampling, Full HD up to 240fps
10-bit 4:2:2 internal recording
16-bit RAW video via HDMI (with external recorder)
9.44M dots Viewfinder (0.9x magnification, 120Hz refresh rate)
Multi-angle LCD
Dual SD / CFexpress Type A card slots
Latest body design (improved ergonomics over earlier models)
Should I buy the Sony A7S III?
If you mainly do video work and want the best tool Sony has to offer, this is the one.
Any reason I should avoid the A7S III?
If you’re looking for a hybrid photo/video camera, the A7 IV may be a better compromise and costs less.
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Sony A7S II (mark 2)
Release date:
October, 2015 Discontinued
($1100 / £1100 / €1400 used)
The A7S II brought 4K video and in-body stabilisation to the S series, while keeping the same sensor and excellent low light capabilities of its predecessor. The body design is generation II, which means 1 card slot and smaller grip.
Sony A7S II highlights:
12MP Sensor
ISO 100-102,400 (50-409,600 extended)
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
4K video up to 30p with oversampling
Outdates specs
5fps drive speed (2.5fps with focus priority)
Video recording with 30min limit per clip
No 10-bit recording option for video
Average viewfinder (2.36M dots, 0.78x magnification, 60Hz refresh rate)
No touch screen
1 SD card slot (UHS-I)
Old battery with poor battery life
Should I buy the Sony A7S II?
For a very good price (used), you get stunning low light capabilities, and that can be very useful for video work, especially if you do events, documentaries or reportage where light conditions aren’t always optimal.
Any reason I should avoid the A7S II?
The autofocus only works with contrast detection and is not reliable enough, so consider it only if you’re happy with manual focus.
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Sony A7S (mark 1)
Release date:
April, 2014 Discontinued
($750 / £600 / €600 used)
The original A7S shares the same sensor as the successor models, with very similar low noise at high ISOs. It has the first generation design which is the smallest, but not the most comfortable (although for video it can be less of a problem if you rig the camera with a cage and accessories). If you want 4K video, bear in mind that you need an external recorder connected to the HDMI port.
Sony A7S highlights:
12.2MP Sensor
ISO 100-102,400 (50-409,600 extended)
Picture Profiles (S-Log2)
Outdates specs
no image stabilisation
contrast detection AF
Eye AF in Single autofocus mode only (no video)
No internal 4K recording (available via HDMI)
Full HD up to 60p with 30min limit per clip
No 10-bit recording for video
5fps drive speed
Average viewfinder (2.36M dots, 0.71x magnification)
No touch screen
1 SD card slot (UHS-I)
Old battery with poor battery life
A7S, 1/100s, f/1.8, ISO 16000 – FE 55mm F1.8 ZA
Should I buy the Sony A7S?
If you still work primarily in Full HD, the A7S has a very good sensor (same as the mark II model) and gives you great low light capabilities, making the camera versatile in many situations.
Any reason I should avoid the A7S?
You can’t rely on the autofocus for video, so consider it if you’re happy with manual focus. Needless to say, if you want 4K, there are more practical options.
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The all-rounder: Sony A7 series
The most popular range of cameras is the one without a letter after the ‘7’. These are the cameras that, since the beginning, have tried to combine high quality and performance at a competitive price.
Sony A7 IV (mark 4)
Release date:
October 2021 On sale
($2500 / £2400 / €2800)
One of the most awaited cameras of 2021, the A7 mark IV, looks like a very good upgrade from its popular predecessor. Surely, we can complain about a few things like the cropped 4K 60p or the handicapped 10fps burst, but there are also a lot of improvements on almost every front that make the 4th generation a very mature product.
Sony A7 IV highlights:
33MP BSI sensor
ISO 100-51,200 ISO (50-204,800 extended)
Machine learning tracking and Eye AF for humans, animals and birds (still and video)
10fps with AF/Exposure Tracking
Phase detection AF can work down to f/22 with high drive speed
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
4K recording up to 30p (full width) and 60p (Super35 crop) without recording limitation
Full HD up to 120p
10-bit 4:2:2 internal
3.69M dots Viewfinder (0.78x magnification, 120Hz refresh rate)
Multi-angle LCD screen
USB streaming (works as a webcam without extra softwares)
Dual SD UHS-II card slots (optional CFexpress ‘A’ in slot 1)
Latest body design (improved ergonomics over earlier models)
Should I buy the Sony A7 IV?
I have pre-ordered it and will start testing it as soon as it arrives. For now, it looks to me like a worthy upgrade over its predecessor with a new sensor, improved autofocus, more video capabilities, the latest colour science from Sony and a lot of extra features.
Any reason I should avoid the A7 IV?
I need to test it in-depth before saying more here. Based on early reviews, rolling shutter (video) doesn’t seem improved over the previous model, and the 10fps burst speed has caveats (lossy compressed RAW only, expensive CFexpress card needed). And there is the already mentioned 4K 60p with APS-C crop. It is also more expensive than its predecessor’s launch price.
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Sony A7 III (mark 3)
Release date:
April 2018 On sale
($1700 / £1700 / €1950)
Probably the most important camera Sony has ever released, the A7 mark III arrived at the perfect time to prove that the Japanese company was a very serious competitor in the interchangeable-lens camera market. The jokes about Playstation, laughable battery life and poor lens choice ended here.
The A7 III introduced a lot of specs that made the full frame E-mount series very appealing: a new sensor with better dynamic range and high ISO, an advanced autofocus system, 4K video, dual card slots, class-leading battery life, all at the right price. It remains competitive today.
Sony A7 III highlights:
24.2MP BSI sensor
ISO 100-51,200 ISO (50-204,800 extended)
Eye AF for humans and animals (photos only)
10fps with AF Tracking
Phase detection AF can work down to f/11 with high drive speed
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
4K recording up to 30p
Full HD up to 120p
Dual SD card slots (UHS-II on slot 1)
Class-leading battery life
Outdated specs
30 minute video recording limit / clip
No 10-bit option for video
Average 2.36M dots Viewfinder (0.78x magnification, 60Hz refresh rate)
A7 III, 1/800, f/4, ISO 2500 – FE 70-200mm 2.8 GM OSS
Should I buy the Sony A7 III?
It is still one of the best full frame cameras you can find with an excellent sensor, good autofocus and great video quality. Now that the price is starting to come down, it will soon become a real deal, once special rebates or cash-back offers arrive.
Any reason I should avoid the A7 III?
Not really, unless you have specific needs that the A7 III can’t meet, like 10-bit recording for video or faster drive speeds, just to name a few.
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Sony A7 II (mark 2)
Release date:
December 2014 On sale
($1000 / £900 / €1000)
The A7 II was the first full frame camera with 5-axis stabilisation. Seven years later, the IBIS performance is not that different from the most recent models (a good thing for this camera, perhaps less flattering for the evolution of the system). It arrived just one year after the launch of the A7, with an updated design, 30% better autofocus and a few more settings for video.
Sony A7 II highlights:
24.3MP sensor
ISO 100-6,400 ISO (50-25,600 extended)
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
S-log2 gamma for video
Outdated specs
No electronic shutter
Eye AF limited to photos and S-AF
5fps with AF Tracking
Full HD up to 60p
2.36M dots Viewfinder (0.71x magnification, 60Hz refresh rate)
LCD screen not touch sensitive
Single SD card slot (UHS-I)
Old battery and poor battery life
A7 II, 1/100s, f/11, ISO 125 – FE 16-35mm F4 ZA
Should I buy the Sony A7 II?
The price is tempting for a full fame camera that offers good image stabilisation, good image quality and decent autofocus performance. Whether you’re on a budget, or want to invest more in the lenses than the body (generally a good idea), the A7 II is worth considering.
Any reason I should avoid the A7 II?
Not really. Obviously it has aged and now has two successors with much better specifications and performance, but that is the same for the every product that evolves in consumer electronics. That said, it too suffers from the ‘star eater’ issue like the A7R II, so if your main genre is astro-photography, you need to be aware of this.
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Sony A7 (mark 1)
Release date:
December 2013 Discontinued
($500 / £400 / €400 used)
The first A7 model, like the A7R, made photographers curious about the possibility of adapting manual focus lenses, also because the choice of native AF lenses was limited at launch (understandably). It’s a camera that I used a lot and that gave me great satisfaction despite the various flaws of a first generation model.
Sony A7 highlights:
24.3MP sensor
ISO 100-6,400 ISO (50-25,600 extended)
Outdated specs
No electronic shutter
No uncompressed RAW
No in-body stabilisation
Eye AF limited to photos and S-AF
Phase detection AF not compatible with adapted DSLR lenses
5fps (2.5fps with focus priority)
Full HD up to 60p (AVCHD codec, no Picture Profiles)
2.36M dots Viewfinder (0.71x magnification)
No touch screen
Single SD card slot (UHS-I)
Old battery and poor battery life
A7, 1/100s, f/1.8, ISO 250 – FE 55mm F1.8 ZA
Should I buy the Sony A7?
The second-hand price is tempting, but look hard and make sure there isn’t a used A7 II for a few 100 bucks more. Yes, the investment would be greater, but it would be worth it.
Any reason I should avoid the A7?
It has all the flaws of a first generation model, which is fair. Also, annoying sensor flares appear when there are strong sources of lights in your frame (street lights at night for example).
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More about the A7 series:
Compact size: Sony A7C
Release date:
October 2020 On sale
($1800 / £1700 / €1900)
When Sony decided to release a more compact full frame camera, they didn’t need to look far. They took the design of the A6xxx APS-C series, put the A7 III sensor inside and added a few tweaks.
Sony A7C highlights:
24.2MP BSI sensor
ISO 100-51,200 ISO (50-204,800 extended)
Machine learning AF and Eye AF for humans and animals (humans only in video mode)
10fps with AF Tracking
5-axis in-body image stabilisation
4K recording up to 30p without recording limit
Full HD up to 120p
multi-angle LCD
compact design
Outdated specs
no 10-bit recording for video
small 2.36M dots Viewfinder (0.59x magnification)
1 SD card slot (UHS-II)
Should I buy the Sony A7C?
If your priority is compactness, and you plan to use small lenses with it, the A7C is your best solution among full frame cameras.
Any reason I should avoid the A7C?
Not really. Personally I wouldn’t like the smaller EVF and lack of extra buttons/dials, but it is a personal choice.
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More about the A7C:
Best Sony Full Frame Camera for Photography: Which one to choose?
There isn’t one straight answer to this question, because the best camera is the one that fits your needs, and these needs differ from person to person.
It depends on what you want to shoot (landscape, sports, portraits, wildlife, macro, or a bit of everything). Your criteria will also be different if you are a professional or an amateur photographer.
That said, here is a quick summary of all that I’ve written above. It’s a simplified list, so make sure to go back to the appropriate chapter for the camera that interests you the most.
Do you want the absolute best the brand has to offer, and have the budget for it? Get the Sony A1.
Do you need very fast performance (autofocus, drive speed) for sports or wildlife? Get the Sony A9 or A9 II.
Do you prioritise image quality, do a lot of large fine art prints or simply like to work with a lot of resolution? Get the Sony A7R III or A7R IV.
Do you want a good all-rounder at a competitive price? Get the Sony A7 III, or the A7 IV.
Do you want an affordable full frame camera? Get the Sony A7 II.
Do you want the smallest full frame camera Sony has to offer? Get the A7C.
Best Sony Alpha Full Frame Camera for Video: which one to choose?
What I’ve written above for photography can be applied here as well, and the choice is a bit easier because we can discard a few models.
Do you need 8K video? Get the Sony A1.
Do you want the best video quality with the most complete settings and flexibility? Get the Sony A7S III
Do you want a bit of the A7S III, but at a lower price? Get the Sony A7 IV
Do you want a good hybrid solution at a competitive price? Get the Sony A7 III .
. Do you need very good capabilities in low light on a budget? Get the Sony A7S II.
Additional Sony resources on Mirrorless Comparison
Below you can find more comparisons between Sony full frame mirrorless cameras, as well as an extensive series of guides on how to set up and use the cameras for various genres.
More comparisons
Sony in-depth user guides
Extra content
The best Sony camera in 2022 for vlogging, filmmaking and photography
The best Sony cameras are now available for many types of photographers, from high-end commercial photography and sports photography to video production. Further down the range, Sony APS-C mirrorless cameras have become the favorites of countless vloggers, bloggers, and content creators.
Sony has just released a new camera focused on content creators and bloggers, the Sony ZV-1F is the little brother to the more feature-set Sony ZV-1 however, the ZV-1F brings native vertical shooting to the platform, meaning no more lengthy editing processes for Reels or Shorts. Then there's Sony's newest camera, the Sony A7R V (opens in new tab), which is the winner for sheer resolution and 8K video.
We've used and reviewed and rated them all, and we think these are the best Sony cameras you can get right now.
Sony makes a range of full-frame mirrorless cameras loved by vloggers, enthusiasts, and professionals alike. This is where all of Sony's energy seems to be going these days, and this is where you'll find the most exciting cameras.
But Sony started out making APS-C mirrorless cameras, and these are still going as smaller and cheaper alternatives to the full-frame Sony models. As Sony fans will know, the company also makes some powerful compact cameras too.
Best full frame Sony cameras (opens in new tab)
Best APS-C and compact Sony cameras (opens in new tab)
Right at the top end, you've got the mighty but pricey Sony A1, the camera that does EVERYTHING, the sports-orientated Sony A9 Mark II, and the highly specialized (so not in this guide) Sony A7S III.
Sony is still repackaging its compact cameras to suit a modern vlogging audience, and we've been especially impressed by the clever little Sony ZV-1 and the very affordable mirrorless Sony ZV-E10.
The best Sony cameras in 2022
Sony full frame mirrorless cameras
(Image credit: Louise Carey)
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1. Sony A7 III The best affordable all-round Sony camera Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: Full frame Megapixels: 24.2MP Lens mount: Sony E Screen: 3in tilting touchscreen, 922k dots Viewfinder: EVF, 2,359k dots Continuous shooting speed: 10fps Max video resolution: 4K User level: Enthusiast Today's Best Deals View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at Walmart (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Image quality and speed + 5-axis image stabilisation Reasons to avoid - Unbalanced by larger lenses - 24MP no higher than APS-C models
It might not have the blinding speed of Sony’s top-flight A9 II or the ultra-high-resolution of the A7R IV, but the Sony A7 III (opens in new tab) grabs many of the best bits from these pricier models and delivers them in a more affordable package. Headline features include a highly effective 696-point AF system and a 5-axis image stabilization system that promises 5EV of compensation.
There’s a 24.2MP back-illuminated image sensor, coupled with the latest generation of the image processor, and the two deliver excellent tonal range and make super-high ISO settings possible. Handling is good, though some may find the body a little small when paired with pro lenses, which applies across the Alpha range. For the top performance at a sensible price, we think it’s the best-priced Sony camera out there – though for stills photographers the older Sony A7 II (opens in new tab) is also very tempting, and cheaper!
(Image credit: James Artaius / Digital Camera World)
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2. Sony A9 Mark II We're still amazed by its AF and its speed Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: Full Frame Megapixels: 24.2MP Lens: Sony E mount LCD: 3in tilting touchscreen, 1.44million dots Viewfinder: EVF Maximum continuous shooting speed: 20fps electronic shutter, 10fps mechanical Max video resolution: 4K User level: Professional Today's Best Deals View at Walmart (opens in new tab) View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Blistering burst shooting + Best AF we've used... so far + Unrivaled connectivity Reasons to avoid - Menus remain obtuse - Isn't it time for CFexpress?
To quote from our review, the Sony A9 II (opens in new tab) is the fastest, most ferocious full-frame sports camera we've ever used. This camera's blistering speed and autofocus performance are impressive and matched only by its phenomenal connectivity, which promises to be a game-changer for pro shooters.
We would love to have seen Sony implement something akin to Olympus' Pro Capture feature so that you never miss the critical moment. However, if our most damning criticism is that the A9 II is too fast for us to keep up with, surely that's nothing but a mission accomplished for Sony! For professionals who need more than speed, however, the new Sony A1 (opens in new tab), which edges ahead of the A9 II for sports photography, throws in 8K video and 50MP stills.
(Image credit: Rod Lawton/Digital Camera World)
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3. Sony A1 We can't deny the specs are spectacular, but we don't think the A1 is perfect – and it's so EXPENSIVE Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: Full frame Megapixels: 50.1NP Lens mount: Sony FE Screen: 3-in tilting, 1.44m dots Viewfinder: Electronic, 9.44m dots Max burst speed: 30fps Max video resolution: 8K User level: Professional Today's Best Deals View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) View at Walmart (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + 50MP resolution + 8K video + 30fps continuous shooting Reasons to avoid - Stratospheric price!
The Sony A1 (opens in new tab) is everything that Sony says it is. It’s a technological triumph, a camera that really can do everything and one of the best cameras for professionals. Previously, cameras might offer speed, resolution, or video capability, but the A1 offers all three, and even beats dedicated sports and video cameras at their own game. So is this the perfect camera? Not quite.
The price is and will remain, a significant obstacle, and its appeal is limited to photographers who need everything it does, not just one or two of those things. This, together with its vast price, prevents it from being further up our list. We couldn't have an article about the best Sony cameras without mentioning the A1, but would we recommend it as the best one to buy? Realistically, for 99 photographers out of a hundred, probably not. More recently, the Sony A1's position has been eroded by the arrival of the Nikon Z9 and Canon EOS R5 C, both of which are cheaper.
(Image credit: Rod Lawton/Digital Camera World)
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4. Sony A7 IV A very powerful do-it-all camera at a sensible price Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: Full frame Megapixels: 33MP Lens mount: Sony E Screen: 3in vari-angle touchscreen, 1.04m dots Viewfinder: EVF, 3.69m dots Continuous shooting speed: 10fps Max video resolution: 4K User level: Enthusiast/expert Today's Best Deals View at Walmart (opens in new tab) View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Autofocus performance + 33MP resolution + Huge burst mode buffer depth Reasons to avoid - Complex matrix of video options - Pro/semi-pro pricing
The Sony A7 IV (opens in new tab) signals a step up in ambition for Sony's ‘vanilla’ A7 model. Traditionally, the Sony A7 has been the range’s entry-level camera, with the ‘R’ models adding resolution and the ’S’ models adding speed/sensitivity. But there’s nothing ordinary about the Sony A7 IV, and while it does technically supersede the A7 III, it’s an altogether more advanced camera that, we think, targets a higher-level audience. Compared to the A7 III, the A7 IV is a major step up – but in price as well as features. The A7 III will keep going for now, so it makes for a tricky buying decision, not helped by the A7 IV's patchy availability. If you see one, get it!
(Image credit: Rod Lawton/Digital Camera World)
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5. Sony A7R Mark IVA We think the A7R IV (now refreshed as an 'A' version) is underrated Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: Full frame CMOS Megapixels: 61MP Lens mount: Sony FE Screen: 3-inch tilting touchscreen, 1,440,000 dots Viewfinder: Electronic, 5.76m dots Continuous shooting speed: 10fps Max video resolution: 4K User level: Professional Today's Best Deals View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at Moment (opens in new tab) View at Dell (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + 61 megapixel resolution + 10fps continuous shooting + Advanced Eye AF Reasons to avoid - Unbalanced with bigger lenses - Quite expensive – of course!
The 'R' models in Sony's A7 series cameras are designed first and foremost for resolution – and the Sony A7R Mark IV (opens in new tab) certainly delivers. The previous A7R Mark III set the standard for a time, but the A7R Mark IV brings a new record-breaking 61-megapixel with the highest resolution of any Sony – or any full-frame camera.
The detail rendition is spectacular, and the A7R Mark IV has prompted many people to compare it to the best medium-format cameras (opens in new tab). However, we think the larger sensors in medium format models are still a very telling difference – it's not just about megapixels. Even the new Sony A1 can't match this camera for resolving power, which is why we highly rate the older A7R IV.
The Sony A7R V (opens in new tab) has been released, with the same 61MP sensor, but the A7 IV isn't being discontinued so it'll remain on our list as a great option.
(Image credit: Rod Lawton/Digital Camera World)
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6. Sony A7C We love its small size and flip-out screen Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: Full Frame Megapixels: 24.2MP Lens: Sony E mount LCD: 3-inch vari-angle touchscreen, 921k dots Viewfinder: EVF, 2,359k dots Maximum continuous shooting speed: 10fps, 115 raw, 223 JPEG Max video resolution: 4K 30p User level: Enthusiast Today's Best Deals View at Walmart (opens in new tab) View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at BHPhoto (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Small(ish) body + Excellent retracting lens + Side-hinged vari-angle screen Reasons to avoid - Unambitious video specs - Unappealing silver and black finish
We weren't that keen on the Sony A7C (opens in new tab) when it first came out because it looked expensive and unambitious. But now that prices have dropped and Sony has released some downsized prime lenses like the Sony FE 24mm f/2.8 (opens in new tab), for example, it makes a lot more sense. Even though the Sony A7C and the Sony A7 III (opens in new tab) are now very similar in price, the articulated screen on the Sony A7C makes it that much better for vlogging.
It isn't Sony's most exciting camera release but its practical performance and excellent AF system do make it a good camera. Sony has made a big fuss about its small size, but in reality, it's not a whole lot smaller than a camera like the A7 III, and the lenses are, of course, the same size for both. The vari-angle screen and compact design (with smaller lenses) now make the A7C a more compelling travel/vlogging camera.
Sony APS-C and compact cameras
(Image credit: Rod Lawton/Digital Camera World)
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7. Sony ZV-1 It has charmed us with its vlogging features Specifications Type: Compact Sensor: 1in Megapixels: 20.1MP Lens: 24-70mm f/1.8-2.8 Screen: 3in vari-angle touchscreen, 921k dots Max video resolution: 4K Mic port: Yes User level: Enthusiast Today's Best Deals View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) View at Sweetwater Sound (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Supplied mic windshield + Super-fast AF + Vari-angle screen Reasons to avoid - Small-ish rear screen and not 16:9
While the new Sony ZV-E10 (opens in new tab) spiritually supersedes it, the ZV-1 (opens in new tab) remains a great option that doesn't require you to faff with lens changing. Some might dismiss the ZV-1 as yet another Sony RX100 variant, but it’s much more. The sensor and lens might be familiar, but the body, the controls, the audio, and the rear screen are all new and different and optimized brilliantly for vlogging.
There are a couple of niggles. The massive change in the minimum focus distance when you zoom in is annoying and the SteadyShot Active stabilization didn’t work too well for us, but the autofocus is exceptional and the ZV-1 is a joy to use, not least because here at last is a vlogging camera that is designed specifically for vlogging, right down to that fully vari-angle rear screen and the supplied mic windshield, which does work brilliantly. It's also a LOT cheaper than the flagship Sony RX100 VII (opens in new tab) camera, despite offering a better proposition for vloggers.
(Image credit: Rod Lawton/Digital Camera World)
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8. Sony ZV-E10 We're happy to swap a viewfinder for the flip-out screen on this good value vlogging camera Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: APS-C Megapixels: 24.2MP Lens: Sony E mount LCD: Vari-angle Viewfinder: None Maximum continuous shooting speed: 11fps for 116 JPEGs Max video resolution: 4K 30p User level: Enthusiast Today's Best Deals View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at Walmart (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Autofocus features and performance + Vari-angle screen + Clip on wind muffler Reasons to avoid - No in-body stabilization - Rolling shutter (the 'jello' effect) - No viewfinder
The Sony ZV-E10 (opens in new tab) is not going to win any awards on the photography front, where its specs are good but completely mainstream – but it is a great option for content creators cutting their teeth in vlogging and videography. While Sony hasn't moved its APS-C 4K video tech along much in recent years, the ZV-E10 is the manufacturer's first APS-C body to feature an articulating touchscreen (which is vital for vlogging).
It packs a large and well-performing internal microphone (with clip-on muffler), Sony's excellent autofocus, and an appealing price tag. It's a shame that there is no in-body image stabilization, and the menus can't be touch-controlled (a rather glaring omission for a vlogging camera), but for a very specific YouTube-era audience this camera hits the nail on the head.
(Image credit: Digital Camera World)
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9. Sony A6400 It has the best combination of features and value Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: APS-C Megapixels: 24.3MP Lens mount: Sony E Screen: 3in tilting screen, 921k dots Viewfinder: EVF, 1,440k dots Continuous shooting speed: 11fps Max video resolution: Full HD User level: Beginner/enthusiast Today's Best Deals View at Walmart (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) View at Amazon (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Great 4K video and AF + 180-degree screen Reasons to avoid - No in-body stabilisation - Design feeling dated
The Sony A6400 (opens in new tab) is effectively Sony’s ‘middle’ A6000-series camera, fitting in above the A6100 (opens in new tab) model and below the top-of-the-range A6600 (opens in new tab). But it still packs a super-fast, super-high-tech autofocus system, and great 4K video capabilities. Its still image quality is very good, but this camera’s strength is as a blogging/vlogging tool for single-handed content creation.
Its 180-degree screen is the key here, flipping up and over to face you to help your framing, facial expressions, and delivery as you present video pieces to the camera. The specs of the top-of-the-range A6600 are better, but you have to be careful with any camera (and with Sony models in particular) not to pay for high-tech features you don't need, such as cutting-edge AF or unnecessarily fast burst modes.
(Image credit: Matthew Richards/Digital Camera World)
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10. Sony A6100 This is a worthy successor to the A6000 Specifications Type: Mirrorless Sensor: APS-C Megapixels: 24.2MP Lens mount: Sony E Screen: 3in 180-degree touchscreen, 1,440k dots Viewfinder: EVF, 1,440k dots Continuous shooting speed: 11fps Max video resolution: 4K User level: Beginner/enthusiast Today's Best Deals View at Amazon (opens in new tab) View at BHPhoto (opens in new tab) View at Best Buy (opens in new tab) Reasons to buy + Real-Time Tracking Autofocus + 4K video recording + 180-degree screen Reasons to avoid - No in-body sensor-shift stabilization - Low resolution EVF
The A6100 (opens in new tab) includes a 180-degree touchscreen for selfies and vlogging, 4K video, and a faster and more advanced autofocus system. We weren't bowled over by the A6100 when it first came out because it cost far more than the A6000, but a couple of years on, the A6100 is almost down to A6000 prices (which have crept up) and it is, without a doubt, a much better camera.
Having said that, we also hear that Sony has ceased production of the A6100 against a backdrop of chip supply issues and the disruption caused by the global pandemic, so while the A6100 is still on sale right now, its longer-term future looks in doubt.
How we test cameras
We test mirrorless cameras (opens in new tab) both in real-world shooting scenarios and in carefully-controlled lab conditions. Our lab tests measure resolution, dynamic range, and signal-to-noise ratio. Resolution is measured using ISO resolution charts, dynamic range is measured using DxO Analyzer test equipment and DxO Analyzer is also used for noise analysis across the camera's ISO range. We use both real-world testing and our lab results to inform the comments in buying guides.
See more buying guides
Best cameras for beginners (opens in new tab)
Best cameras for enthusiasts (opens in new tab)
Best cameras for professionals (opens in new tab)
The best mirrorless cameras (opens in new tab)
The cheapest full-frame cameras (opens in new tab)
Best travel cameras (opens in new tab)
The 6 Best Sony Cameras of 2022 Reviews
The Sony α7 IV is the best Sony mirrorless camera we've tested. It's a true hybrid camera that can pretty much do it all. Landscape photography? It's got dynamic range for days, and the 33MP sensor is great for prints. Sports and action photography? You'll be hard-pressed to find a quicker and more accurate autofocus system, not to mention a very solid 10 fps burst rate (just be aware that if you want to shoot uncompressed RAW photos for the highest quality, the camera maxes out at 6 fps). Video? This camera has you covered with unlimited recording times, high bit rates for better-quality video, and plenty of frame rate options to capture everything from cinematic footage to slow-motion.
It's also wrapped up in a very well-built package, with a sturdy weather-sealed body, a vari-angle touchscreen, and a very sharp viewfinder, ensuring you get a good view of whatever your subject happens to be. Plus, dual SD card slots for extra storage and all the ports you might need for video peripherals. Sony cameras are also among the best mirrorless cameras for battery life. All that hardware and processing power comes at the expense of portability, but if you're looking for the best of the best, short of dipping into pro territory, this is the camera to get.
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